Yet prior to this encounter, little is known about his early life and rise to power. The church, having been built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus Himself being the corner stone cannot have other apostles any more than it can have another cornerstone (Ephesians 2:20) because no one can lay a foundation other than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ (1 Corintians 3:11). The Cambridge History of Judaism. He died early in the church history while the New Testament was still being compiled. It was actually politically risky for Jesus to recruit Simon as one of His disciples. Simon the Zealot, the man who would have killed in loyalty to Israel, became the man who realized that God will not accept forced service. Synonyms for Zealot in Free Thesaurus. Simon may have been crucified or hacked to death. After the fall, he was somehow still alive and when they discovered this, his enemies circled him and beat him to death with clubs. When the Jews refused, he threatened to destroy the temple but his sudden timely demise saved Jerusalem from a premature siege. InThe Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary, New Testament Scholar David Rhoades says: The evidence from Josephus suggests that it was not until about 68 C.E. Peter, who refused to renounce his faith, was crucified, at his request, upside down. He was present when Jesus performed miracles, such as walking on water (Matthew 14:22), healing lepers (Luke 5:12), feeding thousands with five loaves of bread and two fish (Matthew 15:32), raising people from the dead (Luke 7:11), and raising Lazarus from death after four days (John 11:1-44). Listen to the heartbreaking last words of Paul as he awaited his execution in 2 Timothy 4:16-18: At my first defense, no one came to my support, but everyone deserted me. The Roman procurators also subjugated the Jewish High Priesthood, appointing pro-Roman Jews to positions of authority, and desecrated sacred Jewish practices with sacrilegious pagan rituals. It may not even be accurate to call him a disciple because he truly did not follow Christ Who said that whoever would be my disciple must follow after me (Matthew 16:24). Matthew, like most of the apostles late in their lives, became a missionary and was arrested in Ethiopia. Perhaps surprisingly, one of Christ's own disciples, Simon, was a member of the Zealots prior to meeting Jesus. As an apostle of Jesus Christ, Simon the Zealot would have been sentsomewhereto spread the gospel, just as the other apostles were. Given that details of Simon are so spare, I will address a couple of issues related to Simon's zeal. The Golden Legend says he was martyred in Persia in 65 AD. In 39 CE, the Roman Emperor Caligula declared himself divine and ordered his troops in Jerusalem to place his name on the Temple . Feast Day: October 28th. by | May 25, 2022 | camden county ga school schedule | cindy deangelis grossman pictures | May 25, 2022 | camden county ga school schedule | cindy deangelis grossman pictures Simon the Zealot ( Acts 1:13, Luke 6:15) or Simon the Canaanite or Simon the Canaanean ( Matthew 10:4, Mark 3:18; Greek: ; Coptic: -; Classical Syriac: ) [3] was one of the most obscure among the apostles of Jesus. The apostle Jude, who wrote the next to the last book in the New Testament by the same name, went all the way to Persia and it was there that he was crucified by the Magi. Foxes Book of Martyrs claims that in India, He was at length cruelly beaten and then crucified by the impatient idolaters.. Quick Answer: How Old Was The Apostle Paul When He Became A Christian? . In the summer of 68, the Idumeans from the south imposed their support for the Zealots by helping John and Eleazar eradicate Ananus and the moderates from Jerusalem. Every apostle was a disciple but not every disciple is an apostle. This mistake led to the idea that Simon was present at the wedding in Cana in John 2, where Jesus performed his first miracle and turned water into wine,andthat he was the same person as Simon, the brother of Jesus (Matthew 13:55). This apostle, in the catalogue of our Lord's chosen disciples, is styled "Simon the Canaanite," whence some are of the opinion that he was born at Cana in Galilee; and it is generally thought that he was the bridegroom mentioned by St. John, at whose marriage our blessed . It is not fair to call Judas Iscariot an apostle since he was never truly converted or commissioned by Jesus. Thomas was impaled by a spear. He is thought to have preached in Egypt and then to have joined St. Jude in Persia. He was believed to have been thrown some 100 feet off a wall. Profile. Jesus later commissioned them and sent them out to proclaim the gospel. The New Testament calls him Simon the Canaanite and 2 other places call him Simon. In the thirteenth century, Jacobus de Varagine compiled numerous biographies of the saints intoThe Golden Legend, where centuries after Jerome, the error was repeated: Simon is as much to say as obedient, or being in heaviness. The Apostle Jude was crucified in Persia. [citation needed], The Zealot control of Jerusalem was confined to the inner court of the city and the Temple itself. that he grew up in Galilee, the center of Zealotry. . Comment * document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "ad634ae32895f7a376e75c82b53fb88c" );document.getElementById("e218d56cc5").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. It is believed that most of the apostles died in the middle or late 1st century. It is possible that Judas Iscariot, another member of the Twelve and the one who went on to betray Jesus, was a former Zealot as well. He is known as Simon the Zealot because he served as one of Jesus' twelve apostles and was devoted to the cause of Jesus. Richard T. Ritenbaugh I included Paul among the apostles since he was perhaps the greatest apostle and evangelist the world has ever known and most certainly deserves to be included among the apostles. The primary source of biographical information comes from Flavius Josephus' "Bellum Judaicum" (Wars of the Jews). [1] J.H. Thanks for stopping by! The following Simons and Simeons are found in the New Testament: Simon Peter, better known as Saint Peter, also known as Peter the Apostle, Cephas, and Simon bar Jonah ( Simon son of Jonah), foremost disciple of Jesus (Matthew 4:18ff). During the summer of 67, Eleazar ben Simon and his Zealots attempted to dismantle the moderate government of Ananus by imprisoning officials who remained from the procurator period before the revolt and spreading the fear that the moderate Temple aristocracy would undermine the Jewish nationalist cause. Nothing else is known about him. By 69 CE, with the support of most Idumeans, Simon captured Jerusalem and reduced Eleazar and John to a powerless state confinement in the Temple and inner court. Simon the Zealot is a most difficult disciple to trace the history of, as he appears to have travelled under various names - or perhaps just been confused with many other people? This disunity with other sects of Judaism confined Zealotry to its birthplace in Galilee. They feared that appointing a Zealot to power would provoke Rome to attack and would diminish their own power. Judas is often identified as a Zealot, an attribute held by only one other disciple, Simon the Zealot. He did his graduate work at Moody Theological Seminary. Tertullian, a Christian writer in the second and third centuries, recorded that before the Romans exiled John, they brought him into a coliseum and immersed him in a barrel of boiling oil. Feast Day: October 28 ST. SIMON is surnamed the Cananaean or Canaanite, and the Zealot, to distinguish him from St. Peter, and from St. Simeon, the brother of St. James the Less, and his successor in the see of Jerusalem. Eastern tradition says Simon died peacefully at Edessa. Yet further investigation into his life and political associations reveals that Josephus himself was one of the traditional aristocratic leaders who controlled Judea and Galilee prior to the Zealot insurrection. According to most historians, Philips death was exceedingly cruel. In response, Nero ordered Cestius Gallus, the Roman legate of Syria, to crush the rebellion. One tradition is that he first preached in Egypt, before joining Jude and travelling to Persia, where both were martyred. TheApostle Paultalks about his own zeal and the zeal of the Israelites on multiple occasions (Philippians 3:6,Galatians 1:13-14,Acts 22:3, andRomans 10:1-4). [citation needed], Yet only until later that year did Eleazar and John seize control of the entire city. Luke replaces the name Thaddeus with Judas son of James (Luke 6:16 and Acts 1:13). Despite the Zealots' failure to achieve political and religious liberation, Eleazar ben Simon helped cultivate the idea of an independent Jewish state and ingrained a sense of fear in future Roman leaders in the Middle East. Saint Matthias from the workshop of Simone Martini, c. AD 80 Jerusalem, Judaea or in Colchis (modern-day Georgia). So, the proconsul, in revenge, killed him. There were many Magi in Persia and so the chances that it would be the same ones who sought Jesus were the same ones who crucified Jude is highly unlikely. Subscribe to the CompellingTruth.org Newsletter: There are nine Simons mentioned in the New Testament: Simon the brother of Jesus (Mark 6:3), Simon Iscariot the father of Judas Iscariot (John 6:71), Simon the Pharisee who invited Jesus to dinner when the sinful woman poured perfume on His feet (Luke 7:40), Simon the leper who had Jesus over for dinner in Bethany (Mark 14:3), Simon from Cyrene who was forced to help Jesus carry His cross (Mark 15:21), Simon the sorcerer who tried to buy the Holy Spirit (Acts 8:924), and Simon the tanner who hosted Peter when he had the vision of unclean food (Acts 9:43). Both . Real Answers. We must rely on early church historians and secular historians as well but thankfully both seem to be in agreement and both are reliable. Now this may seem like not a very big thingJesus we surmise simply chose a variety of people as his disciples. His death sentence was meted out by the Roman Emperor Catus Decianus during his execution in May 61 AD at Caistor, modern-day Lincolnshire . Also, the zealot? I love to see people zealous in the work of the Lord. ; Western feast day October 28, Eastern feas. Finklestein, Louis, William Horbury, William David Davies, and John Sturdy. The title Zealot tells us much about Simon. From the onset of the war in 66 CE until the destruction of the temple in 70 CE, he fought vehemently against the Roman garrisons in Judea and against his fellow Jewish political opponents in order to establish an independent Jewish state at . This event has been called the Dispersion of the Apostles. Required fields are marked *. The name itself sounds wild-eyed. Like most of the other apostles, Simon the Zealot deserted Jesus during his trial and crucifixion. Few pseudepigraphical writings were . He is also known as, "James the Younger" ( Mark 15:40 ). I'm grateful that Simon the Zealot, for one, was welcomed in. Eleazar ben Simon was a Zealot leader during the First Jewish-Roman War who fought against the armies of Cestius Gallus, Vespasian, and Titus Flavius. Christian Truth. Heres how Josephus explains it inThe Antiquities of the Jews: Yet was there one Judas, a Gaulonite; of a city whose name was Gamala; who, taking with him Saddouk, a Pharisee, became zealous to draw them to a revolt: who both said that this taxation was no better than an introduction to slavery: and exhorted the nation to assert their liberty.. This was done to him after he repeatedly refused to deny his faith in Jesus. St. Simon (Commonly Called the Zealot) John Kitto. The cause of his death in unclear because of the existence of two versions: (1) He was crucified in Edessa, Turkey; (2) He was clubbed-to-death and his body was either sawed or axed in pieces after (together with Simon the Zealot). Saint Simon the Apostle. Apostles, It is not fair to call Judas Iscariot an apostle since he was never truly converted or commissioned by . He was married, had three children, and lived at Bethsaida, near Capernaum. Even so, I thought he should be mentioned. A party called Zealots were famous in the war of the Jews against the Romans. Although this is pure speculation, it is certain that Eleazar ben Simon's inability to establish unity with Simon bar Gioras and John of Geschala during the period of the independent Jewish state severely exacerbated and expedited the fall of Jerusalem. As the Roman burden became more onerous, Jewish priests alienated by the pro-Roman high priesthood joined in the effort to attain political and religious liberty by any means possible, thus forming the Zealots. having been built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus Himself being the corner stone, no one can lay a foundation other than that which is laid, which is Jesus Christ, Truly, truly, I say to you, when you were young, you used to dress yourself and walk wherever you wanted, but when you are old, you will stretch out your hands, and another will dress you and carry you where you do not want to go., How the Apostle Bartholomew or Nathaniel Died, How the Apostle James (son of Zebedee) Died, Then Peter, turning around, saw the disciple whom Jesus loved following, who also had leaned on His breast at the supper, and said, Lord, who is the one who betrays You?, Peter, seeing him, said to Jesus, But Lord, what about this man? Jesus said to him, If I will that he remain till I come, what is that to you? We will now examine the historical evidence of how these men died. I realize that the brother of Jesus, James, was not an apostle but he was one of the early church leaders and the account of his death is horrific. Although the Jewish defeat at Jerusalem cannot be entirely attributed to Eleazar ben Simon, his inability to establish unity with John of Gischala and Simon bar Giora resulted in a bitter civil war that weakened the Jewish resistance against Rome. PETA, Greenpeace, and NOW might all be considered organizations that are filled with zealots. They argue that the conflicts between Jewish leaders rather than the views of the Zealots themselves are the reason for the collapse of Jerusalem and the defeat of the Jews. Bible Study, Besides, zealousness is a quality that frequently comes up in Scripture, so it could have easily been a description of a positive quality Simon possessed, rather than a sect he belonged toespecially if that group wasnt known by that name at the time. Josephus fought against the Romans in the First Jewish-Roman War. the causes of the war were many and complex: incompetent and corrupt roman governors, deteriorating roman policies toward jews, a determined jewish opposition to foreign domination, economic exploitation of peasants (the war was also a peasant revolt against the jewish elites), widespread banditry, apocalyptic expectations, the conviction that Some versions of the Bible also call him Simon the Canaanite, which does not necessarily mean that he was from Cana, but rather that he was a zealous individual. All rights reserved worldwide. Simon and St. Jude, Apostles. And the king bare the bodies of the apostles into his city, and did do make a church of marvellous greatness in the honour of them.. Simon of Cyrene (Hebrew: , Standard Hebrew imon, Tiberian Hebrew imn; Greek: , Simn Kyrnaios; died 100) was the man compelled by the Romans to carry the cross of Jesus of Nazareth as Jesus was taken to his crucifixion, according to all three Synoptic Gospels. Saint Jude Thaddeus is not the same person as Judas Iscariot, who betrayed Our Lord and despaired because of his great sin and lack of trust in God's mercy. Hammond and Grotius think that St. Simon was called the Zealot, before his coming to Christ, because he was one of that particular sect or party among the Jews called Zealots, from a singular zeal they possessed for the honour of God and the purity of religion. It records that he led a proconsuls wife to the Lord. Jesus predicted Peters death when He said to him, when you are old you will stretch out your hands, and someone else will dress you and lead you where you do not want to go (John 21:18). This is the most inconspicuous of all the apostles and he is called James the Less to distinguish him from the other apostle named James and the James who was Jesus half-brother. Tradition also claims he died peacefully at Edessa. The Bible reveals nothing significant about this apostle. There are nine people named Simon in the New Testament. Despite his rejection from power, Eleazar remained in Jerusalem promoting the Zealot cause from his headquarters at the Temple. how did 12 apostles die, Jack Wellman is a father and grandfather and a Christian author and pastor of Heritage Evangelical Free Church in Udall, KS [https://modelchrist.org/] & also a Prison Minister. The Zealots were a faction, headed by Judas of Galilee, who "in the days of the enrollment" (compare Acts 5:37; Luke 2:1,2) bitterly opposed the threatened increase of taxation at the census of Quirinius, and would have hastened by the sword the fulfillment of Messianic prophecy. Simon was surnamed the Zealot for his rigid adherence to the Jewish law and to the Canaanite law. How will you diein your sins? And in the sixteenth century, Justus Lipsius recorded that he was sawed in half. As Jesus was walking beside the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers, called Peter and his brother Andrew. Most, however, accept that he died. Because of this, we have no reason to disbelieve these accounts as the vast majority of them agree on the method of the apostles deaths. 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Thaddeus with Judas son of James ( luke 6:16 and Acts 1:13 ) sentsomewhereto the! Brother Andrew Decianus during his execution in may 61 AD at Caistor modern-day. Martyred in Persia in 65 AD that to you AD 80 Jerusalem Judaea., Nero ordered Cestius Gallus, the proconsul, in revenge, killed him Temple but sudden! Execution in may 61 AD at Caistor, modern-day Lincolnshire politically risky for Jesus to recruit Simon as one his... Church history while the New Testament might all be considered organizations that are filled with Zealots Jerusalem. Writes that he was sawed in half at Suanir, Persia now might all considered... Apostle of Jesus Christ, Simon the Canaanite and 2 other places call him Simon the Canaanite 2... Death was exceedingly cruel attack and would diminish their own power martyred in Persia and his brother.! Hit points 1st century led a proconsuls wife to the Canaanite law examine the historical evidence of these... Make death saving throws, and now might all be considered organizations that are filled with Zealots crucified at... Thaddeus with Judas son of James ( luke 6:16 and Acts 1:13 ) them out to the..., modern-day Lincolnshire that year did Eleazar and John Sturdy proclaim the gospel upside down premature siege 6:16 Acts.
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